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Monaco, officially Principality of Monaco,
independent principality (1994 pop. 31,000), 150 hectares, on the Mediterranean Sea, an
enclave in SE France, near the Italian border. Monaco-Ville is the capital. Its beautiful
location, natural harbour, mild climate, and world-famous gambling casino at Monte Carlo
make Monaco a leading tourist resort. Shipping; pharmaceutical,
precision instrument, and perfume manufacturing; and food
processing also contribute to the economy. About 50% of the population is French; 16% are
Monegasque, and a similar number are Italian. French is the official language, but
English, Italian, and Monegasque are also spoken. The vast majority of the people are
Roman Catholic. Under the 1962 constitution Monaco is governed by the ruling prince
(currently RAINIER III), assisted by a minister of state, a
cabinet, and an elected national council.
